Thursday, September 3, 2020

Anthropology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Human studies - Essay Example According to globalization, the article asserts that English is each person’s second language on the planet. As per the article, the ocean had an influence in making English a worldwide language by improving the association of various societies. In the article, the writer clarifies how one rebuilding of discourse from the dead could result to hearing a language to oneself. This attestation connects with what we realized in section 3 about â€Å"articulatory phonetics†. Articulatory phonetics includes considering the creation of discourse sounds through vocal organs (40). Regarding this, the article clarifies how adjustment of vocal organs through coldblooded demise influenced discourse. In part 3 we additionally discovered that progressions of telephones make a stretch of discourse. It is according to this reality that the writer of the article asserted that reclamation of the dead people’s discourse could help with deciding the language they utilized in correspondence. The writer of the article unmistakably expresses his exploration theme, How English Became ‘Globish’ recorded as a hard copy the article. Aside from utilizing straightforward language, the writer gives point by point data on the source and extension of English so as to empower the peruser to see effectively the article. In spite of this, the article had somewhere in the range of not many shortcomings. For instance, the utilization of articulatory phonetics in perceiving discourse was not introduced obviously in the article. Moreover, the article didn't give enough reasons with respect to why English is a worldwide language. The data gave by the article will be valuable to an individual exploring on the cause of English language. It has introduced the data about the starting point of English language in a sequential way. In spite of the fact that I realized that English is a worldwide language, it is apparent that article educated about its birthplace. The connecting of globalization of English language with attacks causes one to comprehend the significance of social incorporation as much as

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Writing the Conclusion Sentence to Your Essay

Writing the Conclusion Sentence to Your EssayWriting the conclusion sentence to a business or personal essay is often one of the most important sentences in an essay. It is also one of the most overlooked because it has to come at the end. Since so many writers make the mistake of writing the conclusion in the middle of the body of the essay, they often forget to add the conclusion sentence.The conclusion sentence is the last part of a sentence that explains or summarizes the remainder of the paragraph or article. For example, in the first paragraph of this article we are going to look at why ending the conclusion of your essay with a strong statement is vital. The conclusion is where you will explain why your work is the best work available.Without the conclusion, the essay is left without information. It would not provide any information about the strengths and weaknesses of your writing, your writing style, or anything else related to your topic. By writing the conclusion, you pro vide the information for readers to decide whether or not you are an expert on your topic.The strongest way to write a strong conclusion is to begin the statement of the conclusion with a strong statement of your personal opinion. For example, 'In my opinion, this article is the best piece of writing available.' This statement shows that the writer believes their writing is the best piece of writing available.However, it is not necessary to state your personal opinion when writing the conclusion. This will be distracting to the reader and even make them feel as if you were criticizing them for not reading the entire article. It is better to present only the facts that support your opinion.When writing the conclusion, it is important to limit your personal information to the bare minimum. This means that you do not have to mention your birthday, place of employment, or your favorite color. You are still stating your opinion about your writing, but at the end of the paragraph you can only state your opinion.Using examples to illustrate your conclusion is a common error for many writers. Even though it is not necessary to use examples, it is always wise to include some examples. By including examples of what you are covering in your article, readers are able to see how you are demonstrating your facts to support your opinion.Conclusion sentences should always be brief and to the point. They should make an important point without taking up the entire article. A conclusion that is longer than necessary or takes up the entire paragraph will only confuse the reader and make them feel as if they have already read the whole thing.

Friday, August 21, 2020

The Slender Man Stabbing Case

The Slender Man Stabbing Case On May 31, 2014, 12-year-old Payton Leutner slithered free and clear to a way where a bicyclist discovered her seeping from 19 cut injuries. Leutner, who endure the assault, told specialists she was cut by two of her 12-year-old companions, Anissa Weier and Morgan Geyser. The two Waukesha, Wisconsin center school understudies told specialists that they plotted for a considerable length of time to kill their companion to assuage the anecdotal Internet character Slender Man, a paranormal figure who follows and hijacks youngsters. Here are the most recent advancements in the Slender Man wounding case: Thin Man Case Delayed Sept. 22, 2015 - The October preliminary date for the Slender Man cutting case has been expelled from the court schedule after the Wisconsin lawyer commanders office concurred that the choice to keep the case in grown-up court ought to be offered. Waukesha County Circuit Judge Michael Bohren expelled the preliminary date from his schedule in the wake of discovering that Attorney General Brad Schimel bolstered the survey by the Court of Appeals, despite the fact that his office intends to protect the decision to keep the case in grown-up court. Schimel said the intrigue would explain further procedures in this suit, and possibly ensure the respondents, who were 12 years of age at the hour of the wrongdoing, from generous or unsalvageable injury. Morgan Geyser and Anissa Weier would look as long as 45 years in jail whenever saw as liable in grown-up court of the cutting of their schoolmate, 12-year-old Payton Leutner, who endure the assault. They are accused of endeavored first-degree purposeful manslaughter. In spite of the fact that Judge Bohren likewise delayed hearings on different movements for the situation until the intrigue court rules, he agreed to permit a state specialist to assess Weier with respect to a movement from her lawyer that she was not skilled to defer her entitlement to stay quiet when she previously addressed investigators. Judge Enters Pleas for Slender Man Girls Aug. 21, 2015 - A district judge has entered not liable supplications for two 13-year-old young ladies blamed for endeavored manslaughter in the wounding of a cohort while the litigants in the Slender Man case - Morgan Geyser and Anissa Weier - stood quiet in court. Lawyers for the two young ladies, who were both 12 when the wrongdoing occurred, said they didn't talk on their for benefit in grown-up court since Judge Michael Bohren has not given his composed request that denied their movement to move the case to adolescent court. Donna Kuchler, one of the lawyers for Geyser, said she needs to survey the adjudicators composed request before concluding whether to offer his choice. Kuchler and Maura McMahon, a lawyer for Weier, said their customers may enter requests of not liable by reason of mental infection or deformity. In the event that the jury concurs that psychological imperfections caused the wounding, they would be sent to a psychological clinic for an inconclusive timeframe. Spring has been determined to have beginning stage schizophrenia. Whenever saw as liable in grown-up court, be that as it may, they could be condemned as long as 45 years. In adolescent court, they would have confronted a limit of three years detainment. The specific charge against the two is endeavored first-degree deliberate murder, as gathering to a wrongdoing, with utilization of a perilous weapon for the cutting of 12-year-old Payton Leutner in May 2014. Thin Man Case to Be Tried in Adult Court Aug. 10, 2015 - Two young ladies blamed for cutting a 12-year-old companion since they needed to assuage the anecdotal character Slender Man will go to preliminary in grown-up court instead of adolescent court, an appointed authority has dominated. The choice methods Morgan Geyser and Anissa Weier could look as long as 35 years whenever sentenced for the wounding of their cohort Payton Leutner. Despite declaration at isolated hearings for the two respondents from analyst who said the young ladies could get better psychological wellness treatment in the adolescent framework, Judge Michael Bohren decided that their cases will stay in grown-up court. The resistance lawyers had additionally documented a movement asking that the Wisconsin law requiring grown-up court for adolescents in the event that they are accused of first-degree violations be pronounced illegal on the grounds that it can prompt remorseless and irregular discipline. In adolescent court, the young ladies could look as long as five years detainment, however whenever saw as blameworthy in grown-up court they could be condemned to 65 years. Judge Bohren denied that movement, deciding that despite the fact that adolescents may not be as at fault for their activities as grown-ups, that doesn't mean they are excluded from accepting grown-up sentences. Thin Man Is Real, Suspect Says June 19, 2015 - One of the Slender Man murder presumes still accepts the anecdotal character is genuine and would slaughter again on the off chance that he advised her to, specialists have affirmed. The declaration arrived in a conference to decide whether Morgan Geyser will be attempted in adolescent or grown-up court. State specialist Kenneth Casimir told the court that 13-year-old Geyser has beginning stage schizophrenia and keeps on trusting Slender Man is genuine. Casimir said Geyers extreme schizophrenia is hazardous in the event that it stays untreated. Morgan stated, Well on the off chance that he let me know, which means Slender Man, on the off chance that he instructed me to hurt more individuals, Id need to do it. On the off chance that he instructed me to break into someones house and wound them, I would need to do it, Casimir affirmed at the consultation. Another state specialist, Dr. Kenneth Robbins, told the appointed authority that Geyser would not do well in the criminal equity framework. Serious schizophrenia is typically going to do inadequately in the criminal equity framework, and we have several instances of that, Dr. Robbins affirmed. He additionally said that Geyser keeps on accepting that Slender Man is genuine. Treatment Denied for Slender Man Suspect April 24, 2015 - One of the litigants in the Slender Man wounding case won't have her bail decreased and won't be moved to a private office for psychological well-being treatment. An adjudicator denied the solicitation from 12-year-old Morgan Geysers lawyer. During the conference, the adjudicator communicated worried about Geyser being a flight chance and kept her security at $500,000. Anthony Cotton, Geysers lawyer, had mentioned that her bail be decreased to a mark bond. Cotton told the appointed authority that Geyser has no companions and has no vehicle so she would not get much of anywhere in the event that she tried to escape. Lawyer Wants Treatment for Geyser April 15, 2015 - The lawyer for a 12-year-old Wisconsin young lady who is accused of wounding a schoolmate to conciliate the anecdotal character Slender Man needs an adjudicator to diminish her bail and permit her to be treated for maniacal scatters at a private treatment place. Lawyer Anthony Cotton needs Morgan Geysers bail diminished to from $500,000 to a mark bond. Cotton needs his customer discharged from an adolescent confinement place in West Bend and sent to a treatment office in Milwaukee. She would go to Milwaukee Academy, an all-young ladies treatment office at her folks cost, he said. In his movement, Cotton said Geyser has been determined to have schizophrenia and other maniacal issue and frantically needs treatment for her psychological sickness. He said early treatment was basic for her definitive forecast. The appointed authority is relied upon to run on the bail movement on April 24. Thin Man Case Stays in Adult Court Walk 13, 2015 - The instance of two Wisconsin young ladies who cut a colleague since they figured it would pacify the anecdotal character Slender Man, will stay in grown-up court for the present, an adjudicator dominated. Judge Michael Bohren decided that Morgan Geyser and Anissa Weier will be attempted in grown-up court for the endeavored crime of Payton Leutner. Lawyers for the two young ladies had mentioned their case be moved to adolescent court. In making his decision, Judge Bohren permitted the guard lawyers the chance to look for an opposite waiver to move their cases to adolescent court on different grounds. Under Wisconsin law, the lawyers should show that their customers won't get satisfactory treatment in the grown-up criminal equity framework, that moving the case to adolescent court won't devalue the reality of the charge, and that keeping the case in grown-up court would not be an impediment to different adolescents wanting to execute their friends. The adjudicator planned Weiers turn around waiver hearing in May and Geysers in June. Then, recordings of the cross examination of the two young ladies have been discharge in which they straightforwardly talk about their inspiration to execute their colleague. Spring told analysts that slaughtering Leutner would permit them to live with Slender Man in his chateau in the timberland. Weier told agents that Geyser persuaded her that killing Leutner was important and in the event that she didn't take an interest, Slender Man would â€Å"kill my entire family in three seconds.† Protection Wants Case in Juvenile Court Feb. 25, 2015 - Defense lawyers and investigators have both recorded movements in Waukesha County on whether two young ladies who cut their companion in the Slender Man cutting case ought to be attempted in grown-up or adolescent court. Examiners contend that when Anissa Weier and Morgan Geyser tricked their companion Payton Leutner into the forested areas, cut her multiple times and left her for dead subsequent to arranging the wrongdoing for a considerable length of time, they were submitting endeavored first-degree crime. As indicated by court filings by the Waukesha County District Attorneys Office, if that is the charge they will confront preliminary for, Wisconsin law directs that the preliminary be led in grown-up court. Protection lawyers, then again, contended that the two young ladies, who were both 12 at the hour of the cutting, should confront endeavored second-degree murder accusations, a tally that would permit the preliminary to be held in adolescent court. Where the case is attempted would have a gigantic effect in the

Saturday, June 13, 2020

About the religion of Judaism - Free Essay Example

Throughout the religion of Judaism, there is a vast number of subtopics that a person can articulate from listening, reading or just hearing about Judaism. There is a very broad spectrum of pros that come with being a follower of this faith, such as having some of those questions that people have been wondering for years answered and building hope that there will be a day when God comes back. On the flip side, there are some cons about this religion such as giving the misconception on if God gives pain as a punishment or just allows it to happen due to some past events from the Chosen People of Israel.. Making a statement like this is not something minute that you can just brush off to the side and act as no one has ever said anything on the topic. Some people will take that saying in the wrong way and get this misconception that God wants bad things to happen in the world and wants to punish everybody in it because of the sinful nature that human beings are inherited with from the people of Israel. This creates a controversial issue in the world because it causes people to have hate for God that he never had for the people of the world. Without speaking on the good and the bad of this faith, this religion is a religion based off of God creating the earth and everything on it, Abraham being the founding father of the religion, their beliefs that good deeds will get them to heaven, how their souls will undergo this abyss where it will stay forever, how there is evil in the world because the people of Israel rejected the laws, and the reason for life on the earth is to fulfill the pur pose that God has for their life. The religion of Judaism definitely has some flaws about it, as the other religions do also, but is a phenomenal religion to be a part of where person can really learn to expand their knowledge on information that they were once ignorant on and about actions that are practiced in the faith that can be applied within their daily life.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Slavery And The End Of Freedom - 912 Words

Prior to 1650, the majority of Africans lived a relatively peaceful life in which they were able to enjoy their freedom. However, their lives rapidly changed when Europeans arrived in their homeland. The early sixteen hundreds was the beginning of slavery and the end of freedom for many Africans. Getting shipped into a new country against your will would certainly be a traumatic and painful adjustment. The Africans had to overcome unfathomable obstacles just to survive the journey to America. Slavery was just gaining popularity in this time period, seeing as newly founded colonials in America were looking for labor to assist in farming and building. This time period was all about discovering new beginnings. For example, the time it took to figure out religion for the country. Religion itself is a major aspect in everyone’s life. All in all, the status of the Africans coming to America at this time was a big deal because it was the start of slavery and a drastic lifestyle chang e for many African without knowing what is in store for them. The Terrible Transformation was the boom of slavery in North America. The transformation was so drastic because what was starting to happen to them would lead onto their children and keep it going to the next generation. The sad thing about this transformation, it was all about what color you are and your status, nothing else mattered. During this time the racial hierarchy was unbelievable. I could not imagine living a life in which youShow MoreRelated Abolition Essay870 Words   |  4 Pageseradicate slavery using a wide range of tactics and organizations. The antislavery movement mobilized many African Americans and some whites who sought to end the institution of slavery. 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The argument that the Abolitionist had during this time period was its conditions as violating Christian’s principals and rights to equalityRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Douglass s The Great Gatsby 1208 Words   |  5 Pagespublic, to know that he earned his freedom. Freedom is something that each of us must look for in order to be truly â€Å"free.† Through the personal experiences of his own life as a slave and his perseverance to become educated, Douglas s shows us that it requires persistence and bravery to look for freedom. He also illustrates to the audience that there is no real end in this search for freedom until slavery is fully abolished. Purpose: Douglass wrote this book when slavery was still a normal and acceptableRead MoreAbolition Slavery And The United State Of America859 Words   |  4 Pages In the 1840s slavery become a big issue in the United State of America. Since passing the Louisiana Purchase, the United State start expanding their land. They took over the Indian Territory by forcing them to leave the country or to relocate in the different city. The expansion of the United State leads to decide some state should be a free slave. In the 1820s, they passed a low that request 36’30 parallel are decided to be a free state. Abolition slavery becomes a question In the American societyRead MoreAmerica s New Tax Laws Essay1579 Words   |  7 Pagesnew tax laws. The revolution had begun to raise questions on slavery and equality. The main reason for the revolution seemed unjust and unfair to slaves since it mainly applied to white males and not to them. Then the market revolution in 1800-1840 and the anti-slavery movement in 1830s raised even more doubts for women as well as slaves regarding equality between genders and race. 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They were forced into labor and treated like property. The slave owners justified their behavior and believed they acted caring and conscientious to their slaves. Truthfully, however, the slaves were mostly treated very badly, as Fredrick Douglas, a black slave, testifies. There were selectRead MoreAn Honorable Woman By Deborah Sampson966 Words   |  4 Pages The Revolution released the potential for America to become very democratic; allowing space for political and social struggles to spread ideas of freedom and challenge the old way of doing things. 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Corporate Finance of Altium Limited

Question: Discus about the Corporate Finance of Altium Limited. Answer: Introduction:- The capital structure describes the different sources of finances, used by the business firms to continue its operating activities and non-operating activities, as well. It explains how any firm finances its business activities to generate revenues and ensure the organizational growth in future. The two most important components of any firms capital structure are equity financing and debt financing (Saunders Cornett, 2014). It is very necessary for any firm to construct a proper capital structure for funding the capital. There are many factors, which are significantly considered for constructing a proper and useful capital structure. The cost of capital is one of the influential factors, which helps the firms to determine the effective capital structure (Zeitun Tian, 2014). The firm always intends to raise its capital from such sources, which would cost lesser than the return from the operational activities. If the cost of capital would become higher than the returns, then the firm uses to face several financial issues. Due to high cost of debt capital, the interest expenses would increase and the net profit would fall down accordingly. On the other hand, if any firm cannot provide higher return on capital than the cost of equity capital, then the equity investors would not invest in such firms further and the firm would face problem to raise capital through equity financing (Bodie et al., 2014). Hence, it is important to consider the cost of capital for maintaining an optimum capital structure. There are many theories, which explain the impact of cost of capital on the capital structure of any firm. However, amongst all the theories, Modigliani-Miller theorem (MM theorem) is the most popular and revered theory in this respect. It defines how the firm should evaluate the cost of capital for constructing an optimum capital structure. In this report, the cost of capital of Altium Limited is evaluated under proper method to describe its relationship with the capital structure of company in accordance to the MM theorem. Concept of Modigliani-Miller Theorem:- According to the theory of Modigliani and Miller, in the efficient capital market, if there are no tax charges, bankruptcy costs or agency fees and any asymmetric information is not available, then the sources of financing any firm do not affect the value of the firm. The theory has focused on the following assumptions to derive the mentioned outcome: There is no transaction cost The interest rate on debts are same for the individuals and the business firms On the basis of the stated assumptions, MM theorem suggests that the value of any levered firm would be equal to the value of unlevered firm (Charness Neugebauer, 2015). The equation is shown below: VU = VL It indicates that the purchase price of any firm with only equity capital will be same as the purchase price of a firm, which includes both debt and equity capital. However, the theory was developed by assuming that the business world is tax free, which is not feasible in real world. Hence, amongst all the other costs, the tax charges are taken into consideration for incorporating more practical approach in the theory and making it useful for the actual business world. The modification is included in MM theory as Proposition II, while the earlier concept is referred as Proposition I. In the Proposition II of MM theorem, the value of the levered firm is computed by using the following equation: RE = RO + D/E [ (RO RD) x (1 TC)] Where, RE = Cost of levered equity RO = Cost of unlevered equity RD = Cost of Debt TC = Tax Rate This modified version of MM theory explains that the value of any levered firm will be the total of unlevered cost of equity and financing premium. The financing premium is the proportionate cost of unlevered equity over the cost of debt after deducting the tax on cost of debt (Aboura Lepinette, 2015). It can be stated from the above equation that the business firms can lower down its weighted average cost of capital by funding the finance with higher amount of cheaper debt capital instead of equity capital. It denotes that the companies with higher gearing ratios can enjoy relatively lower cost of capital. Based on this concept, the theory states that any firm can achieve the optimal capital structure, where the cost of capital will be lowest, if it raises its capital through 100% debt capital (Gersbach et al., 2015). Calculation of Weightage Average Cost of Capital:- The capital structure of Altium Limited is evaluated through the concept of MM theorem. For the evaluation, it is necessary to compute the weighted average cost of capital of the company. As the company pays tax as per the general norms, the equation, stated as Proposition II should be applied for deriving the cost. Cost of Equity Capital:- Amongst the three components, cost of debt, gearing ratio and income tax rates can be assessed from the annual reports of the company. However, for the cost of unlevered equity capital, various researchers suggest different techniques and concepts. Some of the scholars consider return on equity or current dividend yield rate as cost of capital. However, the most appropriate and widely accepted method for computing the cost of equity capital is the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). In this method, the cost of equity is computed as per the market value of the company stocks and its volatility level in respect to the overall market indices (Cenesizoglu et al., 2016). The formula of cost of equity capital under this method is as follows: RE = Rf + (Rm - Rf) Where, RE = Cost of Equity Capital Rf = Risk Free Return (mainly Coupon Rate of 10 yrs. Government Bonds) Rm= Market Return Rate ( Return Rate of Certified Stock Index) = Beta or the Volatility Level of the Stock in accordance to the related Stock Index (Vollmer, 2014). The cost of equity capital of Altium Limited is computed under the CAPM Model in the following table: Altium Ltd. ASX 200 Date Adj Closing Price Daily Return Adj Closing Price Daily Return 7/1/2015 4.06449 5515.700195 7/2/2015 4.24492 4.44% 5599.799805 1.52% 7/3/2015 4.15945 -2.01% 5538.299805 -1.10% 7/6/2015 4.05499 -2.51% 5475 -1.14% 7/7/2015 4.25441 4.92% 5581.399902 1.94% 7/8/2015 4.3019 1.12% 5469.5 -2.00% 7/9/2015 3.88405 -9.71% 5471 0.03% 7/10/2015 4.08348 5.13% 5492 0.38% 7/13/2015 4.13096 1.16% 5473.200195 -0.34% 7/14/2015 4.13096 0.00% 5577.399902 1.90% 7/15/2015 4.00751 -2.99% 5636.200195 1.05% 7/16/2015 4.017 0.24% 5669.600098 0.59% 7/17/2015 3.99801 -0.47% 5670.100098 0.01% 7/20/2015 4.07398 1.90% 5686.899902 0.30% 7/21/2015 4.05499 -0.47% 5706.700195 0.35% 7/22/2015 4.10247 1.17% 5614.600098 -1.61% 7/23/2015 4.00751 -2.31% 5590.299805 -0.43% 7/24/2015 3.95053 -1.42% 5566.100098 -0.43% 7/27/2015 3.99801 1.20% 5589.899902 0.43% 7/28/2015 3.97902 -0.47% 5584.700195 -0.09% 7/29/2015 4.0265 1.19% 5624.200195 0.71% 7/30/2015 4.17844 3.77% 5669.5 0.81% 7/31/2015 4.27341 2.27% 5699.200195 0.52% 8/3/2015 4.13096 -3.33% 5679.299805 -0.35% 8/4/2015 4.14995 0.46% 5697.899902 0.33% 8/5/2015 4.13096 -0.46% 5674 -0.42% 8/6/2015 4.06449 -1.61% 5610.100098 -1.13% 8/7/2015 4.06449 0.00% 5474.799805 -2.41% 8/10/2015 4.06449 0.00% 5509.200195 0.63% 8/11/2015 3.96952 -2.34% 5473.200195 -0.65% 8/12/2015 3.86506 -2.63% 5382.100098 -1.66% 8/13/2015 3.89355 0.74% 5387.899902 0.11% 8/14/2015 3.99801 2.68% 5356.5 -0.58% 8/17/2015 4.036 0.95% 5367.700195 0.21% 8/18/2015 4.09297 1.41% 5303.100098 -1.20% 8/19/2015 3.93154 -3.94% 5380.200195 1.45% 8/20/2015 3.87456 -1.45% 5288.600098 -1.70% 8/21/2015 3.7606 -2.94% 5214.600098 -1.40% 8/24/2015 3.52319 -6.31% 5001.299805 -4.09% 8/25/2015 3.70362 5.12% 5137.299805 2.72% 8/26/2015 3.79858 2.56% 5172.799805 0.69% 8/27/2015 3.84607 1.25% 5233.299805 1.17% 8/28/2015 3.89355 1.23% 5263.600098 0.58% 8/31/2015 3.85556 -0.98% 5207 -1.08% 9/1/2015 3.77959 -1.97% 5096.399902 -2.12% 9/2/2015 3.87456 2.51% 5101.5 0.10% 9/3/2015 3.87456 0.00% 5027.799805 -1.44% 9/4/2015 4.06449 4.90% 5040.600098 0.25% 9/7/2015 4.10247 0.93% 5030.399902 -0.20% 9/8/2015 4.08348 -0.46% 5115.200195 1.69% 9/9/2015 4.14995 1.63% 5221.100098 2.07% 9/10/2015 4.15945 0.23% 5095 -2.42% 9/11/2015 4.18794 0.68% 5071.100098 -0.47% 9/14/2015 4.2924 2.49% 5096.5 0.50% 9/15/2015 4.27341 -0.44% 5018.399902 -1.53% 9/16/2015 4.35888 2.00% 5098.899902 1.60% 9/17/2015 4.33039 -0.65% 5146.799805 0.94% 9/18/2015 4.14046 -4.39% 5170.5 0.46% 9/21/2015 4.22593 2.06% 5066.200195 -2.02% 9/22/2015 4.17844 -1.12% 5103.600098 0.74% 9/23/2015 4.18812 0.23% 4998.100098 -2.07% 9/24/2015 4.29451 2.54% 5071.700195 1.47% 9/25/2015 4.39123 2.25% 5042.100098 -0.58% 9/28/2015 4.41058 0.44% 5113.5 1.42% 9/29/2015 4.38156 -0.66% 4918.399902 -3.82% 9/30/2015 4.45894 1.77% 5021.600098 2.10% 10/1/2015 4.60403 3.25% 5112.100098 1.80% 10/2/2015 4.60403 0.00% 5052 -1.18% 10/5/2015 4.66206 1.26% 5150.5 1.95% 10/6/2015 4.54599 -2.49% 5167.399902 0.33% 10/7/2015 4.5073 -0.85% 5197.899902 0.59% 10/8/2015 4.45894 -1.07% 5210.399902 0.24% 10/9/2015 4.51697 1.30% 5279.700195 1.33% 10/12/2015 4.44927 -1.50% 5232.899902 -0.89% 10/13/2015 4.4396 -0.22% 5202.899902 -0.57% 10/14/2015 4.42992 -0.22% 5197.299805 -0.11% 10/15/2015 4.24615 -4.15% 5230 0.63% 10/16/2015 4.29451 1.14% 5268.200195 0.73% 10/19/2015 4.25582 -0.90% 5269.700195 0.03% 10/20/2015 4.24615 -0.23% 5235.600098 -0.65% 10/21/2015 4.25582 0.23% 5248.299805 0.24% 10/22/2015 4.13975 -2.73% 5263.799805 0.30% 10/23/2015 4.23648 2.34% 5351.600098 1.67% 10/26/2015 4.2268 -0.23% 5348 -0.07% 10/27/2015 4.17844 -1.14% 5346.200195 -0.03% 10/28/2015 4.42992 6.02% 5335.200195 -0.21% 10/29/2015 4.36222 -1.53% 5266.899902 -1.28% 10/30/2015 4.35255 -0.22% 5239.399902 -0.52% 11/2/2015 4.53632 4.22% 5165.799805 -1.40% 11/3/2015 4.6137 1.71% 5239.200195 1.42% 11/4/2015 4.58468 -0.63% 5242.299805 0.06% 11/5/2015 4.57501 -0.21% 5193 -0.94% 11/6/2015 4.51697 -1.27% 5215 0.42% 11/9/2015 4.46861 -1.07% 5119.5 -1.83% 11/10/2015 4.41058 -1.30% 5099.200195 -0.40% 11/11/2015 4.52665 2.63% 5122.600098 0.46% 11/12/2015 4.5073 -0.43% 5125.700195 0.06% 11/13/2015 4.46861 -0.86% 5051.299805 -1.45% 11/16/2015 4.6137 3.25% 5003.799805 -0.94% 11/17/2015 4.6137 0.00% 5118.200195 2.29% 11/18/2015 4.46861 -3.14% 5133.100098 0.29% 11/19/2015 4.6137 3.25% 5242.600098 2.13% 11/20/2015 4.72977 2.52% 5256.100098 0.26% 11/23/2015 4.67173 -1.23% 5276.399902 0.39% 11/24/2015 4.66206 -0.21% 5226.399902 -0.95% 11/25/2015 4.67173 0.21% 5193.700195 -0.63% 11/26/2015 4.74911 1.66% 5210.700195 0.33% 11/27/2015 4.71042 -0.81% 5202.600098 -0.16% 11/30/2015 4.74911 0.82% 5166.5 -0.69% 12/1/2015 4.84583 2.04% 5266.100098 1.93% 12/2/2015 4.79747 -1.00% 5258.299805 -0.15% 12/3/2015 4.79747 0.00% 5227.700195 -0.58% 12/4/2015 4.69108 -2.22% 5151.600098 -1.46% 12/7/2015 4.65239 -0.82% 5155.700195 0.08% 12/8/2015 4.70075 1.04% 5108.600098 -0.91% 12/9/2015 4.7878 1.85% 5080.5 -0.55% 12/10/2015 4.57501 -4.44% 5037.700195 -0.84% 12/11/2015 4.65239 1.69% 5029.5 -0.16% 12/14/2015 4.62337 -0.62% 4928.600098 -2.01% 12/15/2015 4.57501 -1.05% 4909.600098 -0.39% 12/16/2015 4.60403 0.63% 5028.399902 2.42% 12/17/2015 4.69108 1.89% 5102 1.46% 12/18/2015 4.73944 1.03% 5106.700195 0.09% 12/21/2015 4.72009 -0.41% 5109 0.05% 12/22/2015 4.69108 -0.61% 5116.700195 0.15% 12/23/2015 4.55566 -2.89% 5141.799805 0.49% 12/24/2015 4.47829 -1.70% 5207.600098 1.28% 12/29/2015 4.52665 1.08% 5267.299805 1.15% 12/30/2015 4.56534 0.85% 5319.899902 1.00% 12/31/2015 4.51697 -1.06% 5295.899902 -0.45% 1/4/2016 4.48796 -0.64% 5270.5 -0.48% 1/5/2016 4.46861 -0.43% 5184.399902 -1.63% 1/6/2016 4.41058 -1.30% 5123.100098 -1.18% 1/7/2016 4.30418 -2.41% 5010.299805 -2.20% 1/8/2016 4.27517 -0.67% 4990.799805 -0.39% 1/11/2016 4.31386 0.90% 4932.200195 -1.17% 1/12/2016 4.44927 3.14% 4925.100098 -0.14% 1/13/2016 4.47829 0.65% 4987.399902 1.26% 1/14/2016 4.39123 -1.94% 4909.399902 -1.56% 1/15/2016 4.32353 -1.54% 4892.799805 -0.34% 1/18/2016 4.34287 0.45% 4858.700195 -0.70% 1/19/2016 4.27517 -1.56% 4903.100098 0.91% 1/20/2016 4.42025 3.39% 4841.5 -1.26% 1/21/2016 4.44927 0.66% 4864 0.46% 1/22/2016 4.57501 2.83% 4916 1.07% 1/25/2016 4.67173 2.11% 5006.600098 1.84% 1/27/2016 4.76845 2.07% 4946.399902 -1.20% 1/28/2016 4.75878 -0.20% 4976.200195 0.60% 1/29/2016 4.75878 0.00% 5005.5 0.59% 2/1/2016 4.76845 0.20% 5043.600098 0.76% 2/2/2016 5.34879 12.17% 4993.299805 -1.00% 2/3/2016 5.18436 -3.07% 4876.799805 -2.33% 2/4/2016 5.08764 -1.87% 4980.399902 2.12% 2/5/2016 5.31978 4.56% 4976.200195 -0.08% 2/8/2016 5.26174 -1.09% 4975.399902 -0.02% 2/9/2016 5.01994 -4.60% 4832.100098 -2.88% 2/10/2016 5.07797 1.16% 4775.700195 -1.17% 2/11/2016 5.22305 2.86% 4821.100098 0.95% 2/12/2016 5.10699 -2.22% 4765.299805 -1.16% 2/15/2016 5.40683 5.87% 4843.5 1.64% 2/16/2016 5.56159 2.86% 4910 1.37% 2/17/2016 5.25207 -5.57% 4882.100098 -0.57% 2/18/2016 5.4165 3.13% 4992 2.25% 2/19/2016 5.49388 1.43% 4952.799805 -0.79% 2/22/2016 5.60995 2.11% 5001.200195 0.98% 2/23/2016 5.51322 -1.72% 4979.600098 -0.43% 2/24/2016 5.51322 0.00% 4875 -2.10% 2/25/2016 5.49388 -0.35% 4881.200195 0.13% 2/26/2016 5.31978 -3.17% 4880 -0.02% 2/29/2016 5.42617 2.00% 4880.899902 0.02% 3/1/2016 5.45519 0.53% 4922.299805 0.85% 3/2/2016 5.38748 -1.24% 5021.200195 2.01% 3/3/2016 5.51322 2.33% 5081.100098 1.19% 3/4/2016 5.54224 0.53% 5090 0.18% 3/7/2016 5.45519 -1.57% 5142.799805 1.04% 3/8/2016 5.2424 -3.90% 5108 -0.68% 3/9/2016 5.18436 -1.11% 5157.200195 0.96% 3/10/2016 5.39716 4.10% 5150.100098 -0.14% 3/11/2016 5.42617 0.54% 5166.399902 0.32% 3/14/2016 5.42617 0.00% 5185.5 0.37% 3/15/2016 5.29815 -2.36% 5111.399902 -1.43% 3/16/2016 5.49511 3.72% 5119 0.15% 3/17/2016 5.47541 -0.36% 5168.200195 0.96% 3/18/2016 5.52465 0.90% 5183.100098 0.29% 3/21/2016 5.49511 -0.53% 5166.600098 -0.32% 3/22/2016 5.50496 0.18% 5166.600098 0.00% 3/23/2016 5.73146 4.11% 5142.299805 -0.47% 3/24/2016 5.72161 -0.17% 5084.200195 -1.13% 3/29/2016 5.72161 0.00% 5004.5 -1.57% 3/30/2016 5.69207 -0.52% 5010.299805 0.12% 3/31/2016 5.81024 2.08% 5082.799805 1.45% 4/1/2016 5.761 -0.85% 4999.399902 -1.64% 4/4/2016 5.86933 1.88% 4995.299805 -0.08% 4/5/2016 5.87917 0.17% 4924.399902 -1.42% 4/6/2016 6.15491 4.69% 4945.899902 0.44% 4/7/2016 6.13522 -0.32% 4964.100098 0.37% 4/8/2016 5.96781 -2.73% 4937.600098 -0.53% 4/11/2016 5.9875 0.33% 4931.5 -0.12% 4/12/2016 6.08598 1.64% 4975.600098 0.89% 4/13/2016 6.15491 1.13% 5054.700195 1.59% 4/14/2016 6.16476 0.16% 5118.600098 1.26% 4/15/2016 6.15491 -0.16% 5157.5 0.76% 4/18/2016 6.10568 -0.80% 5137.100098 -0.40% 4/19/2016 6.20415 1.61% 5188.799805 1.01% 4/20/2016 6.214 0.16% 5216 0.52% 4/21/2016 6.22385 0.16% 5272.700195 1.09% 4/22/2016 6.14507 -1.27% 5236.399902 -0.69% 4/26/2016 6.12537 -0.32% 5220.600098 -0.30% 4/27/2016 6.15491 0.48% 5187.700195 -0.63% 4/28/2016 6.10568 -0.80% 5225.399902 0.73% 4/29/2016 6.05644 -0.81% 5252.200195 0.51% 5/2/2016 6.06628 0.16% 5243 -0.18% 5/3/2016 6.18446 1.95% 5353.799805 2.11% 5/4/2016 6.37157 3.03% 5271.100098 -1.54% 5/5/2016 6.36172 -0.15% 5279.100098 0.15% 5/6/2016 6.47005 1.70% 5292 0.24% 5/9/2016 6.47005 0.00% 5320.700195 0.54% 5/10/2016 6.24355 -3.50% 5342.799805 0.42% 5/11/2016 6.41096 2.68% 5372.299805 0.55% 5/12/2016 6.34202 -1.08% 5359.299805 -0.24% 5/13/2016 6.37157 0.47% 5329 -0.57% 5/16/2016 6.22385 -2.32% 5358.899902 0.56% 5/17/2016 6.25339 0.47% 5395.899902 0.69% 5/18/2016 5.97765 -4.41% 5356.200195 -0.74% 5/19/2016 5.94811 -0.49% 5323.299805 -0.61% 5/20/2016 5.96781 0.33% 5351.299805 0.53% 5/23/2016 6.03674 1.16% 5318.899902 -0.61% 5/24/2016 6.05644 0.33% 5295.600098 -0.44% 5/25/2016 6.13522 1.30% 5372.5 1.45% 5/26/2016 6.30263 2.73% 5388.100098 0.29% 5/27/2016 6.34202 0.62% 5405.899902 0.33% 5/30/2016 6.32233 -0.31% 5408 0.04% 5/31/2016 6.31248 -0.16% 5378.600098 -0.54% 6/1/2016 6.32233 0.16% 5323.200195 -1.03% 6/2/2016 6.33218 0.16% 5278.899902 -0.83% 6/3/2016 6.36172 0.47% 5318.899902 0.76% 6/6/2016 6.27309 -1.39% 5360.399902 0.78% 6/7/2016 6.32233 0.78% 5371 0.20% 6/8/2016 6.32233 0.00% 5370 -0.02% 6/9/2016 6.2337 -1.40% 5361.899902 -0.15% 6/10/2016 6.16476 -1.11% 5312.600098 -0.92% 6/14/2016 6.02689 -2.24% 5203.299805 -2.06% 6/15/2016 5.92841 -1.63% 5147.100098 -1.08% 6/16/2016 5.93826 0.17% 5146 -0.02% 6/17/2016 5.91857 -0.33% 5162.700195 0.32% 6/20/2016 5.99735 1.33% 5256.799805 1.82% 6/21/2016 5.99735 0.00% 5274.399902 0.33% 6/22/2016 5.93826 -0.99% 5270.899902 -0.07% 6/23/2016 6.10568 2.82% 5280.700195 0.19% 6/24/2016 5.85948 -4.03% 5113.200195 -3.17% 6/27/2016 6.02689 2.86% 5137.200195 0.47% 6/28/2016 5.99735 -0.49% 5103.299805 -0.66% 6/29/2016 6.24355 4.11% 5142.399902 0.77% 6/30/2016 6.36172 1.89% 5233.399902 1.77% Risk-Free Return Rate 4.75% Market Return Rate 23.07% Beta 0.64 Unlevered Cost of Capital 16.42% Cost of Debt:- Any business firm has to bear several forms of liabilities and debts. However, it does not have to pay interest on every form of debts, such as, accounts payable, outstanding wages, employee benefit etc. As the weighted average cost of capital requires the cost of debt for a certain period, the method only incorporates such debts, for which the firm has to pay interests. Such debts are referred as interest-bearing debts. The business firms use to exhibit the amount of interest bearing debts in the annual reports along with the interest expenses, incurred for such debts. The annual report of Altium Limited shows that the company has incurred interest expenses only for the lease liabilities and hence, it is the only interest-bearing debt for the company in the current year ("Annual Report 2016", 2017). Gearing Ratio:- Gearing ratio defines the relationship between the total debt and total equity of the business firm. The formula of gearing ratio is as follows: Gearing Ratio: Total Debt / Total Equity The ratio is used to explain the capital structure of any firm. It describes, on which form of capital, the business firm is more depending to continue its operations. If the gearing ratio of any company is higher than 1, then it indicates that the firm has more debt capital than the equity capital and vice versa for a gearing ratio with lower than 1. Problems for Computing Gearing Ratio:- It is a very easy technique to ascertain the capital structure of any business. However, it has been observed that, in many cases, it cannot be derived so easily. The main issue, which makes it complicated, is the availability of the proper financial data. Moreover, the selection of debts for computing gearing ratio also becomes very tough due to the nature of the debts. In the weighted average cost of capital, the debts, which should be considered for computing the cost of capital, are the interest bearing debts. However, often the analysts use to include all the debts for computing gearing ratio instead of focusing only on the interest bearing debts. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the objective of the implication of gearing ratio and select the selct the debt item in accordance to the objective. Gearing Ratio of Altium Limited:- The gearing ratio of Altium Limited is required to compute the weighted average cost of capital. Hence, the gearing ratio should incorporate such debts, for which the company has to incur interest expenses or other debt related costs. The proper gearing ratio of Altium Limited is computed below: Computation of Gearing Ratio: Particulars Amount Equityholder's Fund 125177 Total Equity A 125177 Long-Term Debt 20 Current portion of long term Debt 51 Total Interest Bearing Debt B 71 Gearing Ratio C=B/A 0.06% Computation of Cost of Capital:- The cost of levered capital of Altium Limited is calculated in the following table as per the MM theorem:- Cost of Capital:- Particulars Amount Weightage Cost Weighted Average Cost Equityholder's Fund 125177 100% 16.42% 16.42% Total Equity 125177 100.00% 16.42% 16.42% Long-Term Debt 20 28.17% 35 49.30% Current portion of long term Debt 51 71.83% Total Debt 71 100.00% 49.30% 49.30% Gearing Ratio 0.06% Tax Rate 30% Cost of Capital 16.41% Capital Structure of Altium Limited:- The gearing ratio of Altium Limited, calculated in the table above, is minimal. The total liabilities, including interest-bearing and non-interest bearing debt capital, are also almost half of the total equity, including contributed share capital, reserves and retained earnings. Thus, it depicts that the company mainly depends on the equity capital instead of interest-bearing debt capital ("Annual Report 2016", 2017). Such capital structure may seem to be beneficial for the company, as it does not have to incur high interest expenses for the debt capitals. Due to absence of higher interest expenses, it can convert most of net operating income into the net earnings attributable to share holders. Thus, it can provide higher amount of dividends to the shareholders and increase the market value of the shares accordingly (Novak 2015). However, according to the MM theory, the present capital structure of Altium Limited is not an effective structure for the company. The cost of capital of the company is mostly comprised of the cost of equity capital, on which it cannot enjoy any tax deduction. It means that if the company pays higher dividend to its shareholders, then it will cause higher amount of cash outflow without any cash savings for tax benefits (Brusov et al., 2015). Conclusion Recommendations:- It is clear from the above discussions that Altium Limited maintains a very low gearing ratio. Therefore, the company does not have to bear any higher amount of fixed interest expenses on the debts. From this perspective, the present capital structure can be effective for the company. Modigliani-Miller theory does not support this fact. The theory explains that the cost of capital of the company is much higher due to lower gearing ratio. The company cannot enjoy the tax benefits from interest expenses and reduce the cash outflows. Altium Limited should finance its capital through interest bearing debts to increase the gearing ratio. As the result, it will help the company to reduce the weighted average cost of capital accordingly. However, the management of Altium Limited should take such debts, which will incur low interest expenses. If the interest rates will be higher than the cost of capital, then the company cannot enjoy the benefits of higher gearing ratio. Referencess ^AXJO: Summary for SP/ASX 200- Yahoo!7 Finance. (2017).Au.finance.yahoo.com. Retrieved 21 January 2017, from https://au.finance.yahoo.com/q?s=%5EAXJO Saunders, A., Cornett, M. M. (2014).Financial institutions management. McGraw-Hill Education, Zeitun, R., Tian, G.G., (2014). Capital structure and corporate performance: evidence from Jordan Bodie, Z., Kane, A., Marcus, A. J. (2014).Investments, 10e. McGraw-Hill Education Charness, G., Neugebauer, T. (2015). A test of the Modigliani-Miller invariance theorem and arbitrage in experimental asset markets Stulz, R. M. (2016). Risk management, governance, culture, and risk taking in banks. Brusov, P., Filatova, T., Orekhova, N., Eskindarov, M. (2015). Capital Structure: ModiglianiMiller Theory. InModern Corporate Finance, Investments and Taxation(pp. 9-25). Springer International Publishing. Gersbach, H., Haller, H., Mller, J. (2015). The macroeconomics of ModiglianiMiller.Journal of Economic Theory,157, 1081-1113. Aboura, S., Lepinette, E. (2015). New Developments on the Modigliani-Miller Theorem.Browser Download This Pape Cenesizoglu, T., Papageorgiou, N. A., Reeves, J. J., Wu, H. (2016). An Analysis on the Predictability of CAPM Beta for Momentum Returns Vollmer, M. (2014).A Beta-return Efficient Portfolio Optimisation Following the CAPM: An Analysis of International Markets and Sectors. Springer Novak, J. (2015). Systematic risk changes, negative realized excess returns and time-varying CAPM beta.Finance a Uver,65(2), 167 Chen, L. H., Jiang, G. J., Guanzhong, P., Zhu, X. (2016). Biases in CAPM Beta Estimation Annual Report 2016. (2017).www.altium.com. Retrieved 21 January 2017, from https://www.altium.com/resources/investor-announcement/altium_annualreport_2016_web.pdf Altium Ltd. (2017).Yahoo!7 Finance. Retrieved 21 January 2017, from https://au.finance.yahoo.com/q?s=ALU.AX Answer: Concept of Modigliani-Miller Theorem:- The capital structure of Altium Limited is evaluated through the concept Referencess

Sunday, April 12, 2020

Cultural Differences Essay Samples

Cultural Differences Essay SamplesWhether you're studying abroad or are looking for some fun assignments to tackle while you're away, it's a good idea to consider taking some cultural differences essay samples. This is a great way to create a little bit of research into your assignment while also bringing a lot of fun and intellectual stimulation to your writing skills. And as a bonus, it can help you understand the cultures of people who might be an important part of your own life.Taking these essays as a part of your course load is a good way to learn about the diversity that is found within the various cultures you study abroad in. You'll likely find that you come to understand more about the cultural norms that run through countries you visit, as well as to discover some of the people from that country that you've never seen before. For those of you considering taking this approach to your education, here are some cultural differences essay samples to consider.How many different cultures do you know? Have you ever noticed how much knowledge there is about the different cultures of different countries? For example, you might have heard about all the different cultural customs and etiquette there is to master to make yourself comfortable in any particular culture. Of course, most of these would be things that you wouldn't find out for sure unless you took a trip and got to see the actual culture firsthand. But take some of these cultural differences essay samples as a starting point and see if you can at least begin to understand the differences.Is it different customs to be honest? Many cultures give a lot of respect to their elders and older people; in some cases this might be an honor for an elderly person. Of course, if you're a young person, it could be considered pretty weird, but it's worth understanding the difference.Some cultures are extremely good at what they do, such as the ancient Mayans who are known for being the creators of corn and cattle. O ther cultures, such as those from East Asia, are far more inventive. Chinese for example were once considered to be one of the most creative of all time. And with all the various factors of Chinese culture, it's no wonder why it was considered to be so advanced and thus the basis for so many scientific discoveries in physics.Some cultures have different viewpoints on religion. It's not only the one particular religion that's favored by any one culture, it's also where the cultural values and outlook are that are prevalent within the various cultures. For example, in the case of the United States, many Americans seem to be very religious and for the most part, they prefer to use Christianity as their religion, while some others might prefer to use a specific religion.There are many more cultural differences, as well as many more to examine in the area of religion. But take these different points as a starting point, to help you understand the differences in your own time away from ho me.If you don't want to take a cultural differences essay sample, you can always look at some books that explore the history of certain countries and the specific cultures that make up them. If you decide to learn more about the differences, you should find some great books on the subject that will help you understand.